Q. It has very little use or even none at all.
A. According to wikipedia.org, here are some important functions of the human appendix:
Immune function
New studies propose that the appendix may harbor and protect bacteria that are beneficial in the function of the human colon.[6]
Loren G. Martin, a professor of physiology at Oklahoma State University, argues that the appendix has a function in fetuses and adults.[7] Endocrine cells have been found in the appendix of 11-week-old fetuses that contribute to "biological control (homeostatic) mechanisms." In adults, Martin argues that the appendix acts as a lymphatic organ. The appendix is experimentally verified as being rich in infection-fighting lymphoid cells, suggesting that it might play a role in the immune system. Zahid[8] suggests that it plays a role in both manufacturing hormones in fetal development as well as functioning to "train" the immune system, exposing the body to antigens so that it can produce antibodies. He notes that doctors in the last decade have stopped removing the appendix during other surgical procedures as a routine precaution, because it can be successfully transplanted into the urinary tract to rebuild a sphincter muscle and reconstruct a functional bladder.
[edit] Maintaining gut flora
Apparent function of the human vermiform appendix in the recovery from diarrhea. Although more than 2 million children die each year in developing countries as a result of diarrhea, children living in those countries face an estimated 1.4 billion cases of diarrhea each year.[9]Although it was long accepted that the immune tissue, called gut associated lymphoid tissue, surrounding the appendix and elsewhere in the gut carries out a number of important functions, explanations were lacking for the distinctive shape of the appendix and its apparent lack of importance as judged by an absence of side-effects following appendectomy.[10] William Parker, Randy Bollinger, and colleagues at Duke University proposed that the appendix serves as a haven for useful bacteria when illness flushes those bacteria from the rest of the intestines.[6][11] This proposal is based on a new understanding of how the immune system supports the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria,[12][13] in combination with many well-known features of the appendix, including its architecture and its association with copious amounts of immune tissue. Such a function is expected to be useful in a culture lacking modern sanitation and healthcare practice, where diarrhea may be prevalent.[11] Current epidemiological data[14] show that diarrhea is one of the leading causes of death in developing countries, indicating that as diarrhea flushes out the helpful bacteria the appendix helps recovery by providing a "safe house" for the bacteria.[11]
So, once again, we must admit that scientist do not always have the right answer. If something does not agree with God's word, sooner or later the facts will testify that God is always right.
Immune function
New studies propose that the appendix may harbor and protect bacteria that are beneficial in the function of the human colon.[6]
Loren G. Martin, a professor of physiology at Oklahoma State University, argues that the appendix has a function in fetuses and adults.[7] Endocrine cells have been found in the appendix of 11-week-old fetuses that contribute to "biological control (homeostatic) mechanisms." In adults, Martin argues that the appendix acts as a lymphatic organ. The appendix is experimentally verified as being rich in infection-fighting lymphoid cells, suggesting that it might play a role in the immune system. Zahid[8] suggests that it plays a role in both manufacturing hormones in fetal development as well as functioning to "train" the immune system, exposing the body to antigens so that it can produce antibodies. He notes that doctors in the last decade have stopped removing the appendix during other surgical procedures as a routine precaution, because it can be successfully transplanted into the urinary tract to rebuild a sphincter muscle and reconstruct a functional bladder.
[edit] Maintaining gut flora
Apparent function of the human vermiform appendix in the recovery from diarrhea. Although more than 2 million children die each year in developing countries as a result of diarrhea, children living in those countries face an estimated 1.4 billion cases of diarrhea each year.[9]Although it was long accepted that the immune tissue, called gut associated lymphoid tissue, surrounding the appendix and elsewhere in the gut carries out a number of important functions, explanations were lacking for the distinctive shape of the appendix and its apparent lack of importance as judged by an absence of side-effects following appendectomy.[10] William Parker, Randy Bollinger, and colleagues at Duke University proposed that the appendix serves as a haven for useful bacteria when illness flushes those bacteria from the rest of the intestines.[6][11] This proposal is based on a new understanding of how the immune system supports the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria,[12][13] in combination with many well-known features of the appendix, including its architecture and its association with copious amounts of immune tissue. Such a function is expected to be useful in a culture lacking modern sanitation and healthcare practice, where diarrhea may be prevalent.[11] Current epidemiological data[14] show that diarrhea is one of the leading causes of death in developing countries, indicating that as diarrhea flushes out the helpful bacteria the appendix helps recovery by providing a "safe house" for the bacteria.[11]
So, once again, we must admit that scientist do not always have the right answer. If something does not agree with God's word, sooner or later the facts will testify that God is always right.
Halliburton Singapore?
Q. Halliburton Far East Pte Ltdâ
315 Jalan Ahmad Ibrahim, Singapore 639940
6863 2664â
Category: Oil and gas field machinery
hi guys, i have this project to find the history of singapore halliburton
i know there are two halliburton in singapore - SING1,SING2
may i know the opening dates of these two?
i just need a little information of singapore halliburton history.. like when it was built.. thanks
315 Jalan Ahmad Ibrahim, Singapore 639940
6863 2664â
Category: Oil and gas field machinery
hi guys, i have this project to find the history of singapore halliburton
i know there are two halliburton in singapore - SING1,SING2
may i know the opening dates of these two?
i just need a little information of singapore halliburton history.. like when it was built.. thanks
A. In 1957, HOWCO purchased Welex Inc., a Houston company that provided electric well logging and jet perforating services. Then, in 1959, the company bought Otis Engineering Corporation, a Dallas firm offering specialized equipment and services for the completion, production and control of oil and gas wells.
For all of his accomplishments, Erle Halliburton was inducted into the Oklahoma Hall of Fame in 1953, just two years after his wifeâs death. Four years later, on Oct. 13, 1957, Erle died in California after an extended illness. At the time of Erleâs death, HOWCO had revenues of $194 million and more than 10,000 employees.
In 1960, shareholders approved a new name â Halliburton Company â which was believed to more appropriately reflect the diversified services and products offered to the companyâs customers. In August 1961, Halliburton moved its corporate headquarters from Duncan, Oklahoma, to Dallas, Texas.
In December 1962, Halliburton purchased Brown & Root Inc., a company started â also in 1919 â by brothers Herman and George Brown. It also purchased Southwestern Pipe Inc., Joe D. Hughes Inc. and Highlands Insurance Company. The price for these acquisitions was $33.2 million in cash and 103,349 shares of treasury stock, a total of $38,538,000.
In 1967, Halliburton established Halliburton Services as an operating division, incorporating most of the activities previously linked with HOWCO. Halliburton Services developed new cements, additives and tools to help customers drill and complete âdifficultâ wells â those drilled in deep water, on the Alaskan North Slope and in geothermal wells.
In 1969, when Halliburton Services and Brown & Root both reached their 50th birthdays, Halliburton Company celebrated by becoming a billion-dollar corporation for the first time.
The 1970s brought incredible changes â and restored the faster growth patterns that Halliburton Company had known in its earlier years. Revenues, which had been just over a billion at the start of the decade, were to multiply sevenfold â to just over $7 billion by 1979.
After OPEC used its economic power to lift oil prices out of the doldrums in which they had drifted for years, it seems that everybody wanted to be in the energy business. Old fields, once uneconomic to produce, were being worked over and re-explored. Halliburton was in the forefront of developing new methods â such as secondary and tertiary recovery â to get more oil and gas out of the reservoir.
In 1975, the U.S. petroleum industry drilled more than 40,000 wells for the first time in a decade; in 1980, it would drill more than 71,500 wells, and, in the following year, the industry drilled 91,600 wells. These were good times, indeed, for Halliburton and other service companies.
The downturn in oil prices that began in the early to mid-1980s wreaked havoc on all segments of the U.S. petroleum industry. The Halliburton Company workforce went from a peak of nearly 115,000 in late 1981 to less than 47,000 in 1986.
Despite all the gut-wrenching decisions forced upon the companyâs management and its workforce, the 1980s produced magnificent accomplishments. Many of the companyâs customers, after slashing their own technical staffs, began to lean heavily on Halliburton-developed technologies.
Halliburton Services had just opened a state-of-the-art Research Center in Duncan in 1980 and was busy developing a host of new services and technical improvements for its customers. A decade later, the company opened a center in the Netherlands to provide specialized services for customers in Europe and the North Sea. And, in 1984, Halliburton Company opened the doors of its Information Services Center in Arlington, Texas, forging voice and data links between all of the companyâs units, wherever they were located around the globe.
Also in 1984, Halliburton provided all of the well completion equipment for the first multiwell platform offshore China. Two years later, Halliburton became the first American company to perform an oilfield service job on the China mainland.
The final decade of the 20th century brought more changes and growth to Halliburton. The company opened a branch office in Moscow in 1991. Two years later, Halliburton combined its 10 semi¬autonomous energy services units into one unified, global organization, Halliburton Energy Services. This served to meet the changing needs of worldwide customers in an industry where adaptability, efficiency, technology and economy make the difference.
In 1998, Halliburton merged with Dresser Industries, a major provider of integrated services and project management for the oil and gas industry. With this merger, Halliburton also gained the expertise of M.W. Kellogg, a petroleum refining and petrochemical processing company that Dresser acquired in 1988.
Since the merger, Halliburton has integrated Dresserâs well-known and respected brands such as Sperry-Sun Drilling Services, Baroid Drilling Fluids and Security DBS, and divested t
For all of his accomplishments, Erle Halliburton was inducted into the Oklahoma Hall of Fame in 1953, just two years after his wifeâs death. Four years later, on Oct. 13, 1957, Erle died in California after an extended illness. At the time of Erleâs death, HOWCO had revenues of $194 million and more than 10,000 employees.
In 1960, shareholders approved a new name â Halliburton Company â which was believed to more appropriately reflect the diversified services and products offered to the companyâs customers. In August 1961, Halliburton moved its corporate headquarters from Duncan, Oklahoma, to Dallas, Texas.
In December 1962, Halliburton purchased Brown & Root Inc., a company started â also in 1919 â by brothers Herman and George Brown. It also purchased Southwestern Pipe Inc., Joe D. Hughes Inc. and Highlands Insurance Company. The price for these acquisitions was $33.2 million in cash and 103,349 shares of treasury stock, a total of $38,538,000.
In 1967, Halliburton established Halliburton Services as an operating division, incorporating most of the activities previously linked with HOWCO. Halliburton Services developed new cements, additives and tools to help customers drill and complete âdifficultâ wells â those drilled in deep water, on the Alaskan North Slope and in geothermal wells.
In 1969, when Halliburton Services and Brown & Root both reached their 50th birthdays, Halliburton Company celebrated by becoming a billion-dollar corporation for the first time.
The 1970s brought incredible changes â and restored the faster growth patterns that Halliburton Company had known in its earlier years. Revenues, which had been just over a billion at the start of the decade, were to multiply sevenfold â to just over $7 billion by 1979.
After OPEC used its economic power to lift oil prices out of the doldrums in which they had drifted for years, it seems that everybody wanted to be in the energy business. Old fields, once uneconomic to produce, were being worked over and re-explored. Halliburton was in the forefront of developing new methods â such as secondary and tertiary recovery â to get more oil and gas out of the reservoir.
In 1975, the U.S. petroleum industry drilled more than 40,000 wells for the first time in a decade; in 1980, it would drill more than 71,500 wells, and, in the following year, the industry drilled 91,600 wells. These were good times, indeed, for Halliburton and other service companies.
The downturn in oil prices that began in the early to mid-1980s wreaked havoc on all segments of the U.S. petroleum industry. The Halliburton Company workforce went from a peak of nearly 115,000 in late 1981 to less than 47,000 in 1986.
Despite all the gut-wrenching decisions forced upon the companyâs management and its workforce, the 1980s produced magnificent accomplishments. Many of the companyâs customers, after slashing their own technical staffs, began to lean heavily on Halliburton-developed technologies.
Halliburton Services had just opened a state-of-the-art Research Center in Duncan in 1980 and was busy developing a host of new services and technical improvements for its customers. A decade later, the company opened a center in the Netherlands to provide specialized services for customers in Europe and the North Sea. And, in 1984, Halliburton Company opened the doors of its Information Services Center in Arlington, Texas, forging voice and data links between all of the companyâs units, wherever they were located around the globe.
Also in 1984, Halliburton provided all of the well completion equipment for the first multiwell platform offshore China. Two years later, Halliburton became the first American company to perform an oilfield service job on the China mainland.
The final decade of the 20th century brought more changes and growth to Halliburton. The company opened a branch office in Moscow in 1991. Two years later, Halliburton combined its 10 semi¬autonomous energy services units into one unified, global organization, Halliburton Energy Services. This served to meet the changing needs of worldwide customers in an industry where adaptability, efficiency, technology and economy make the difference.
In 1998, Halliburton merged with Dresser Industries, a major provider of integrated services and project management for the oil and gas industry. With this merger, Halliburton also gained the expertise of M.W. Kellogg, a petroleum refining and petrochemical processing company that Dresser acquired in 1988.
Since the merger, Halliburton has integrated Dresserâs well-known and respected brands such as Sperry-Sun Drilling Services, Baroid Drilling Fluids and Security DBS, and divested t
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